# Alloy 36 (UNS K93600) – Low Expansion Nickel-Iron Alloy for Precision Applications
## Introduction to Alloy 36
Alloy 36, also known by its UNS designation K93600, is a nickel-iron alloy renowned for its exceptionally low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). This unique property makes it an ideal material for applications where dimensional stability is critical across a wide temperature range.
## Composition and Properties
The chemical composition of Alloy 36 typically consists of:
– Nickel: 36%
– Iron: Balance
– Small amounts of carbon, manganese, silicon, and sulfur
Key properties include:
– Low thermal expansion coefficient (approximately 1.2 × 10-6/°C between 20-100°C)
– Good thermal conductivity
– Excellent dimensional stability
– High strength and rigidity
– Good machinability and weldability
## Applications of Alloy 36
Due to its unique properties, Alloy 36 finds use in numerous precision applications:
### Aerospace Industry
Used in aircraft instruments, laser components, and satellite structures where dimensional stability is crucial.
### Electronics
Ideal for lead frames, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and precision electronic components.
### Scientific Instruments
Commonly used in telescopes, precision measurement devices, and optical systems.
### Energy Sector
Keyword: Alloy 36 UNS K93600
Applied in nuclear reactors and other energy systems requiring stable materials across temperature variations.
## Advantages Over Other Materials
Alloy 36 offers several advantages compared to other low-expansion materials:
– More cost-effective than many alternatives
– Better machinability than ceramics
– Superior dimensional stability compared to standard steels
– More consistent performance than composite materials
## Fabrication and Processing
While Alloy 36 is generally easy to work with, some considerations should be noted:
– Machining should be done with sharp tools and proper cooling
– Welding requires standard nickel-alloy techniques
– Heat treatment can be used to optimize properties for specific applications
## Conclusion
Alloy 36 (UNS K93600) remains a material of choice for engineers and designers working on precision applications where thermal expansion must be minimized. Its combination of properties, workability, and cost-effectiveness ensures its continued use across multiple high-tech industries.
