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Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. These materials determine the pad’s absorbency, comfort, and overall effectiveness. Below, we explore the key components of sanitary pads and their functions.

1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to ensure comfort. Common materials used for the top sheet include:

• Nonwoven Fabric: Made from polypropylene or polyethylene, this material is lightweight and allows for rapid liquid absorption.
• Perforated Film: Some pads use a microporous film to prevent leakage while maintaining a dry surface.

2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for retaining menstrual fluid. It typically consists of:

• Fluff Pulp: Derived from wood fibers, fluff pulp is highly absorbent and biodegradable.
• Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP): SAP granules can absorb many times their weight in liquid, enhancing the pad’s capacity and reducing bulkiness.

3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from seeping through to clothing. Materials used include:

• Polyethylene (PE) Film: A waterproof and flexible material commonly used for its leak-proof properties.
• Breathable Microporous Film: Offers better air circulation, reducing discomfort and irritation.

4. Adhesive Layer

This component ensures the pad stays securely in place. It includes:

• Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive (PSA): Applied to the back sheet, PSA allows the pad to stick to underwear without leaving residue.
• Wing Adhesives: Used in winged pads to provide extra security and prevent shifting.

5. Release Paper

The release paper protects the adhesive layer before use. It is usually made from:

• Silicone-Coated Paper: Easy to peel off and disposable.
• Plastic Film: Used in some premium products for added durability.

6. Fragrance and Additives (Optional)

Some sanitary pads include fragrances or additives for odor control and skin comfort. These may include:

• Aloe Vera or Chamomile Extracts: Soothe the skin and reduce irritation.
• Antimicrobial Agents: Help prevent bacterial growth and odor.

Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads play a critical role in their performance and comfort. From the top sheet to the adhesive layer, each component is carefully selected to ensure optimal absorbency, leak protection, and skin-friendliness. As technology advances, manufacturers continue to innovate with eco-friendly and hypoallergenic materials to meet the evolving needs of consumers.